Basic Genetics Making my families aussie's
No doubt there will be some one that will breed my aussie's at some point in time even knowing that I don't necessarily want them too. Either by accident or other wise. No matter what I say, or do it will happen as it as in the past. No one can control much of anything and nothing that's beyond there own reach. This material following contains many generations and years of hard work. It's free to any one that wants to begin to understand one small, but very important step in breeding and what it's all about.
Lets start with the most misunderstood aussie color which isn't really a color but a lack there of.( Basic White Genetics ). First off you need to know that on the second letter such as in S^i the letter i should be set half higher above the letter S to it's right like this symbol after the S ( S * ) as * that symbol represents the letter i half raised ( S^i* ) however this key board won't allow that. So when you see * that symbol after a letter it just means it should be raised to that half high level when hand written.
Irish Spotting ( S^i* ) this is the typical Lassie white markings.
Piebald spotting gene ( S^p*-) Non-Symmetrical random white pattern.
Extreme White Spotting Extreme Piebald ( S^w*)
Self Black or Solid Black ( at*at* B-K-mm S si*.) Notice the mm canceling the merle gene.
Black Bi. at*at* B-K-mm si*si* tt
Recessive blues can be geometrically split. They are not marbled Recessive gene in black, red even merles Tri, Bi. Will cover more on the recessive farther on.
Minimal Black tri color with some white spotting. ( at*at* Bb kk mm S- )
Black and Tan eyes orange or brown. (at*-B-KK mm si*si*
Blue Merles type combinations
Blue Merle with Irish Spotting ( at*at*Bb KK Mn si*si* )
Blue Merle without tan points ( at*at*B-K-Mm si*si* )
Blue Merle Tan Points No white. ( at*at*B-KK Mm S- )
Self Blue Merle ( at*at*B-KK Mm si* )
Blue Merle some white ( at*at*B-KK Mm si* )
REDS
Self Red ( at*at*bb DD K- mm S- )
Red & Tan ( at*at*bb DD kk mm S- )
Red Bi with recessive blue eyes ( at*at*DD kk mm si*si* )
Red Tri Irish spotting pattern ( at*at*bb DD kk mm si*si*)
The k gene suppresses the tan points.
Red Merle and shades of Red Merle.
Red Merle silvery merling tan points and white trim ( at*at*bb DD kk Mn Si*si* )
Red Sorrel champagne to lite Red Lite Tan ( at*at* bb DD kk Mn si*si* )
Red Merle with white ( at*at*bb DD K- Mm si*si* ) Notice The Dominant K suppressing tan points.
Liver Merle (at*at*bb DD kk Mm Si*si*)
Self Red Merle ( at*at* bb DD K-Mm S- )
Yellow Merle ( bb ee mm )
Yellow if crossed with Tri Colors will produce self merle + Blue Merles with red factored points. Such as sorrel, champagne, copper, or liver.
Hole Body Brindle ( A-B-k br*K mm S- )
Black Tri with Brindle restricted to tan points ( at*at*B-K br*-mm si*si*) Somatic mutation skin cell mutation more then one color.
A Series alleles Saddle Back aussie ( as*at* B- KK mm )
See below for Alleles within locus listed.
Irish Spotting ( S^i* ) this is the typical Lassie white markings.
Piebald spotting gene ( S^p*-) Non-Symmetrical random white pattern.
Extreme White Spotting Extreme Piebald ( S^w*)
Self Black or Solid Black ( at*at* B-K-mm S si*.) Notice the mm canceling the merle gene.
Black Bi. at*at* B-K-mm si*si* tt
Recessive blues can be geometrically split. They are not marbled Recessive gene in black, red even merles Tri, Bi. Will cover more on the recessive farther on.
Minimal Black tri color with some white spotting. ( at*at* Bb kk mm S- )
Black and Tan eyes orange or brown. (at*-B-KK mm si*si*
Blue Merles type combinations
Blue Merle with Irish Spotting ( at*at*Bb KK Mn si*si* )
Blue Merle without tan points ( at*at*B-K-Mm si*si* )
Blue Merle Tan Points No white. ( at*at*B-KK Mm S- )
Self Blue Merle ( at*at*B-KK Mm si* )
Blue Merle some white ( at*at*B-KK Mm si* )
REDS
Self Red ( at*at*bb DD K- mm S- )
Red & Tan ( at*at*bb DD kk mm S- )
Red Bi with recessive blue eyes ( at*at*DD kk mm si*si* )
Red Tri Irish spotting pattern ( at*at*bb DD kk mm si*si*)
The k gene suppresses the tan points.
Red Merle and shades of Red Merle.
Red Merle silvery merling tan points and white trim ( at*at*bb DD kk Mn Si*si* )
Red Sorrel champagne to lite Red Lite Tan ( at*at* bb DD kk Mn si*si* )
Red Merle with white ( at*at*bb DD K- Mm si*si* ) Notice The Dominant K suppressing tan points.
Liver Merle (at*at*bb DD kk Mm Si*si*)
Self Red Merle ( at*at* bb DD K-Mm S- )
Yellow Merle ( bb ee mm )
Yellow if crossed with Tri Colors will produce self merle + Blue Merles with red factored points. Such as sorrel, champagne, copper, or liver.
Hole Body Brindle ( A-B-k br*K mm S- )
Black Tri with Brindle restricted to tan points ( at*at*B-K br*-mm si*si*) Somatic mutation skin cell mutation more then one color.
A Series alleles Saddle Back aussie ( as*at* B- KK mm )
See below for Alleles within locus listed.
E Pluribus Unum = Out Of Many One.
( A ) locus. How pigment is distributed.
( A - ) Once thought to be dominant black - the body is self colored.
Geneticists believe black is at the K locus.
( ay*) Sable
( as* )Saddle Back
( at* )Tan Point
( a )Recessive black
( B ) locus. pigment color
( B-) Black
( b-) red liver chocolate 3 or 4 mutations of b
( C ) locus pigment development.
( c ch*) reduces red & yellow pigment but black is not affected.
( C ) normal pigment.
( Ca* ) Albino these dogs usually can not produce a litter.
( D ) locus. dilution of pigment
( D ) normal black or red.
( d ) Uniformly diluted black becomes uniform blue, & liver becomes isabella ( Weimaranees ) also called maltese dilution. This dose not affect tan points. It is one of the most common mismarks in aussies.
( E ) locus. pigment restriction/Extension, diverse set of alleles.
( E- ) full extension of pigment thoughout the hair shaft most aussie's are EE
( Em*-) Hyper-extension of mask black or liver on muzzle displacing tan points on the muzzle if there present can be merle or solid.
( e- ) Restriction of black and liver pigment in coat, normal intensity nose leather and eye rims, yellow golden blond.
( H ) locus. Harlequin modifier causes different degrees of lightness in merled areas.
( h ) No modification of normal merle pattern
( K ) locus. Suppresses the presence of tan point pattern when present as the dominant.
( k ) self color. covers up action of genes at ( A locus )
( k br* ) A series expressed with brindling in tan areas or all over brindle.
a dog that is ( K k br*) would be black and not express the brindling regardless of what was at the ( A locus )
a dog ( ay*-k br* ) is a whole body brindle. There are brindle aussies.
( k ) like a clear window allowing genes at the ( A locus ) to be expressed.
( M ) locus. Merle which is a pattern of pigment reduction in the eyes and or skin.
( M- ) merle single dose produces patches of blue on a black dog. However in a double dose much of the bodies pigment is lost and often the hearing and increases the chance being born with blindness.
( m- ) Non merle or normal allele ( no merle patern )
This is where many uneducated breeders mess up by calling aussie's Lethal Whites
( S ) locus. Various patterns of white spotting.
( S- ) Solid color or self colored.
( si*- ) Irish spotting pattern. ( Lassie markings )
(sp* ) Piebald spotting pattern. Non-symmetrical random white areas. KNOWN as PATTERN WHITE aussie's. ( K- ) solids bred to ( M- ) single dose merle will produce ( sp* ) piebald spotting pattern in aussie's. Pattern whites are most commonly seen with blue eyes or split iris blue green even some marble colored eyes. ( sp* bred to sp* always throws sp* / Pattern whites bred together will give pattern whites. NOT double merles as many uneducated breeders would have you believe.
( s^w ) Extreme white spotting pattern. Most or all the dog is white. These are not double merles either. They not created from two merles breeding.
( si* sp* ) Some of these alleles at the S locus may have incomplete or co-dominance. a dog showing si* sp* may show both patterns simultaneously.
( T- ) locus. Ticking. Used in the creation of yellow merles. Many people have asked me how do you get yellow merles? So here I'll answer that question here. Self merle with the dominant T- ticking gene bred to a saddle back. Reads like this.
(at* at* B- K- T-Mm si* ) + ( as* at* B- kk mm ) = ( bb ee mm ) Works for me every time. The ticking gene is dominant over the merle.
( t- ) no ticking. What is Ticking? There lots of spots the size of a dime or smaller up to a quarter size and can be seen on the face front legs chest just about any where on the dog. The breed Blue Tick Hound. I'm sure you heard of. This is the ( T- locus ) the ticking gene caused the spotting and there for the name of the breed.
RECESSIVE GENE
The Recessive Gene is very rare when found it should be highly prized by all aussies breeders. Here is why: Blue eyes non marbling recessive gene can produce blue or even split blue eyes in solid colored dogs. Blue eyes are not confined to just merles. No. There are probably multiple genes which together affect blue eye color. It is not possible to predict with any certainty eye color from a planned breeding.
Generalization, brown eyes tend to be dominant to lighter color eyes there is some relationship between eye color and coat color, since black pups will tend to have darker brown eyes then red in the same litter. OK well I hope you learn't something useful. If not I just wasted my time writing it, and yours by you reading it. BUT the real question is. Are ya happy now? There is many combinations and style of aussie's. I learn't which makes which over the years my family bred them. Most of this is knowledge obtained and handed down before the discovery of markers in the DNA. If some one still wants to bitch about something. Bitch at your mother for having you. My hope is that she'll slap the pigment right off of ya. If some how I insulted some one in writing this page, or any other. Damn good deal. Heres something else that just may insult you too. MERRY CHRISTMAS 12-25-15.
( A - ) Once thought to be dominant black - the body is self colored.
Geneticists believe black is at the K locus.
( ay*) Sable
( as* )Saddle Back
( at* )Tan Point
( a )Recessive black
( B ) locus. pigment color
( B-) Black
( b-) red liver chocolate 3 or 4 mutations of b
( C ) locus pigment development.
( c ch*) reduces red & yellow pigment but black is not affected.
( C ) normal pigment.
( Ca* ) Albino these dogs usually can not produce a litter.
( D ) locus. dilution of pigment
( D ) normal black or red.
( d ) Uniformly diluted black becomes uniform blue, & liver becomes isabella ( Weimaranees ) also called maltese dilution. This dose not affect tan points. It is one of the most common mismarks in aussies.
( E ) locus. pigment restriction/Extension, diverse set of alleles.
( E- ) full extension of pigment thoughout the hair shaft most aussie's are EE
( Em*-) Hyper-extension of mask black or liver on muzzle displacing tan points on the muzzle if there present can be merle or solid.
( e- ) Restriction of black and liver pigment in coat, normal intensity nose leather and eye rims, yellow golden blond.
( H ) locus. Harlequin modifier causes different degrees of lightness in merled areas.
( h ) No modification of normal merle pattern
( K ) locus. Suppresses the presence of tan point pattern when present as the dominant.
( k ) self color. covers up action of genes at ( A locus )
( k br* ) A series expressed with brindling in tan areas or all over brindle.
a dog that is ( K k br*) would be black and not express the brindling regardless of what was at the ( A locus )
a dog ( ay*-k br* ) is a whole body brindle. There are brindle aussies.
( k ) like a clear window allowing genes at the ( A locus ) to be expressed.
( M ) locus. Merle which is a pattern of pigment reduction in the eyes and or skin.
( M- ) merle single dose produces patches of blue on a black dog. However in a double dose much of the bodies pigment is lost and often the hearing and increases the chance being born with blindness.
( m- ) Non merle or normal allele ( no merle patern )
This is where many uneducated breeders mess up by calling aussie's Lethal Whites
( S ) locus. Various patterns of white spotting.
( S- ) Solid color or self colored.
( si*- ) Irish spotting pattern. ( Lassie markings )
(sp* ) Piebald spotting pattern. Non-symmetrical random white areas. KNOWN as PATTERN WHITE aussie's. ( K- ) solids bred to ( M- ) single dose merle will produce ( sp* ) piebald spotting pattern in aussie's. Pattern whites are most commonly seen with blue eyes or split iris blue green even some marble colored eyes. ( sp* bred to sp* always throws sp* / Pattern whites bred together will give pattern whites. NOT double merles as many uneducated breeders would have you believe.
( s^w ) Extreme white spotting pattern. Most or all the dog is white. These are not double merles either. They not created from two merles breeding.
( si* sp* ) Some of these alleles at the S locus may have incomplete or co-dominance. a dog showing si* sp* may show both patterns simultaneously.
( T- ) locus. Ticking. Used in the creation of yellow merles. Many people have asked me how do you get yellow merles? So here I'll answer that question here. Self merle with the dominant T- ticking gene bred to a saddle back. Reads like this.
(at* at* B- K- T-Mm si* ) + ( as* at* B- kk mm ) = ( bb ee mm ) Works for me every time. The ticking gene is dominant over the merle.
( t- ) no ticking. What is Ticking? There lots of spots the size of a dime or smaller up to a quarter size and can be seen on the face front legs chest just about any where on the dog. The breed Blue Tick Hound. I'm sure you heard of. This is the ( T- locus ) the ticking gene caused the spotting and there for the name of the breed.
RECESSIVE GENE
The Recessive Gene is very rare when found it should be highly prized by all aussies breeders. Here is why: Blue eyes non marbling recessive gene can produce blue or even split blue eyes in solid colored dogs. Blue eyes are not confined to just merles. No. There are probably multiple genes which together affect blue eye color. It is not possible to predict with any certainty eye color from a planned breeding.
Generalization, brown eyes tend to be dominant to lighter color eyes there is some relationship between eye color and coat color, since black pups will tend to have darker brown eyes then red in the same litter. OK well I hope you learn't something useful. If not I just wasted my time writing it, and yours by you reading it. BUT the real question is. Are ya happy now? There is many combinations and style of aussie's. I learn't which makes which over the years my family bred them. Most of this is knowledge obtained and handed down before the discovery of markers in the DNA. If some one still wants to bitch about something. Bitch at your mother for having you. My hope is that she'll slap the pigment right off of ya. If some how I insulted some one in writing this page, or any other. Damn good deal. Heres something else that just may insult you too. MERRY CHRISTMAS 12-25-15.
This is a ticking black tri female with copper points with brendling. The ticking gene seen in the front legs These aussie's are not very common. Aussie's such as these when bred to self blue merles will throw self merles with ticking. If the ticking gene is found more dominant in the merle it's not a normal merle throw that would make him a self ticking merle. The ticking gene overwrites the merle gene (T-Mm) causing the brake he may be bred to another merle either red or blue. That throw will likely contain 3 to 5 yellow merles in a litter of 8, yellow is a red factor just as the copper in the tri is a red factor. These types of throws can also produce pattern whites, or piebalds and self merles along with the yellow merles. However those types of aussie are know in the show world as faults. I say the hell with that B/S and them people as well. Who in the hell died and left them boss ? Ya all can eat me because you have not a clue. There beautiful aussies and when yellow merles and pattern whites are bred to any tri you get a complete litter of show quality merles ticking merles and self merles every single time .( See pictures below) Now what I don't get is why these kennel clubs saying they promote these breeds of dogs but desire to fault the breeding females that produce these show quality dogs. If one was to follow the idealisms of these kennel clubs what would happen to the self blue merles and the ticking merles? They find fault in the dams that produce them so many breeders stop producing them years ago. Most breeders don't even know how to produce them any longer. Making the self blue merles and ticking merles is a rarity. Yellow merles and Pattern whites are faulted that just makes no scents as it's undermining the entire australian shepherd breed. I say that all of these kennel clubs that fine faults with yellow merles and pattern whites in their absolute pettiness are destroying the very thing they say, and they say, and they say they hold dear to them. The betterment of the breed. And the AKC may now come to me on bended knee and kiss my ass to apologize. As if that will happen. But you all know it's never been about any breed or the love of any dog. It's always been about the love of money they can make off the all the breeds of dogs without doing any of the work at all. No. They don't breed dogs they just collect off breeders that register them. They don't know nothing about producing any such trait in dogs But they sure can produce books and literature subject matter that's telling ya a lot of lies about things they don't have any ideas about. So there it is take it for what it's worth. Go Breed some yellow merles and some pattern whites the right way. Make some self merles and ticking merles before they all just gone. Don't allow these types and traits to become extinct because of some kennel clubs idealisms of which they have no understanding about to begin with. How insane is that crap?
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Picture on the right is that of a ticking blue merle (T-Mm) if bred to a merle throws will contain yellow merles.
Angle' She's a Pattern White she was bred to a black tri throws are ticking self blue merles and blue merles. Very little white to no white at all on any one of them.
This is a yellow merle dam and her litter of 10 blue merles and self blue merles with copper points and lite ticking. Bred to Black tri "Tristan"
Jewels she's a yellow merle bred to a black tri these are her blue merles.
